BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Monoclonal Antibody, Adaptive Immune System, Passive Immunity
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18 Apr 2019
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Outline
● The body’s defense system
● Three lines of defense
● Distinguishing self from nonself
● Antibody-mediated responses and cell-mediated responses
● Steps of the adaptive immune response
● Active and passive immunity
● Monoclonal antibodies
● Problems of the immune system
The body’s defense system
● The body generally defends you against anything that it does not recognize as
being part of or belonging inside you
● Common targets of the defense system include
○ Pathogens
■ Disease-causing bacteria, viruses, prions, protozoans, fungi,
parasitic worms
○ Cancer cells
■ Once normal body cells whose genetic changes cause unregulated
cell division
Three lines of defense
● Three strategies for defending against foreign organisms and molecules or
cancer cells
○ Physical and chemical surface barriers
■ Nonspecific
■ Keep foreign organisms or molecules out
○ Internal cellular and chemical defenses
■ Nonspecific
■ Attack any foreign organisms or molecules that have gotten past
the surface barriers
○ Immune response
■ Specific
■ Destroy specific targets and remember them
First line of Defense: physical and chemical barriers
● Physical barriers
○ Skin
■ Nearly impenetrable
■ Waterproof