BIOSC 0160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cytosol, Prokaryote, Exon Shuffling

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25 Jan 2016

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Eukaryotic promoters are much more diverse than prokaryotic. Transcription in bacteria: holoenzyme helix opens: transcription begins. Elongation occurs when ntps are added to the strand. Hairpin disrupts interaction between rna polymerase and rna transcript so that there is a physical separation of the enzyme and rna product. ***either strand of the dna can be the template strand for rna synthesis however, only one of the complementary strands codes for a gene. If the region on the top strand is coding for a gene, then the complementary strand does not. Template strand is always read from 3" to 5" by rna polymerase. Initiation of transcription is also more complex than in bacteria. Basal transcription factors mark where transcription will begin. 5" cap and 3" poly(a) tail are added to mrna. 5" cap - prevents degradation and assists in ribosomal assembly. 3" poly(a) tail - protects against degradation, aids export to cytoplasm, and involved in translation initiation.

Related Questions

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

BIOSC 0160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cytosol, Prokaryote, Exon Shuffling

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