NROSCI 0081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Striatum, Psychological Dependence, Reinforcement
26 Feb 2018
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Reward: positive reinforcement that biases behavioral choices towards the rewarded behavior. Punishment: negative reinforcement tat biases behavioral choices away from punished behavior. Avoidance: reinforcement in the absences of punishment, although no reward is given. Positive reinforcement: euphoria from drug-taking behavior promotes further drug-taking. Many psychoactive drugs effect many systems, including basic reflexes. These effects act as the unconditioned stimuli and the drug taking procedure can become the conditioned response. Triggers: just the sight or thought of drug can actually begin to trigger the effects. Makes it hard to quit while hanging out with uses cravings. Desire or compulsion to experience effects of a drug because it produces pleasure and reduces comfort: craving. All drugs that cause psychological dependence enhance brain reward: positive reinforcement, vta ventral striatum. Physical phenomena, defined by the occurrence of withdrawal (bad things happen when drug administration ceases)
