BCHM 10000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Collagen, Hydrogen Bond, Hydroxylysine
27 Jun 2018
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Core concepts:
1. Structural hierarchy of molecular organization in a cell (See slide 12, week 1-2). Try to memorize
the sidebar.
a. Smallest to largest? What size is it?
2. Back of the envelope
a. What is a good approximation?
b. Draw it out:
c. Simplify and justify what you are doing
d. Example: How many amino acids are joined together to make an average sized protein?
i. Volume of average-sized protein / volume of amino acid
ii. Average sized protein - radius ~ 0.8nm.
iii. Volume = 4/3 * π * radius * radius * radius. (pi ~ 3)
iv. 4(0.8^3) = 2nm^3.
v. Volume of a protein: radius - 4 nm.
vi. Volume 4 * 4 * 4 * 4.
vii. 256/2 = 128 amino acids :) per protein
3. Metabolism - enzyme catalyzed chemical steps
a. Making (anabolic) and breaking (catabolic)
b. Diseases do not occur in anabolic pathways because they are often fatal since anabolic
pathways creates essential compounds that the body requires to live
c. Phenylalanine gets broken down into PAH. Thus, PAH is converted into tyrosine.
d. Phenylpyruvate is a pyruvate look alike,
e. PKU - let’s draw it
i. Phenylalanine - > Tyrosine (½)
Mutation in PAH
ii. Phenylalanine -> phenylpyruvate (¾)
1. Phenylpyruvate (root of problems) blocks transport to pyruvate transport
to mitochondrial transporter to produce ATP
a. 1. Enzyme / 2. Whats reaction / 3. Enzyme / 4. Whats reaction
b. PAHx
c. Hydroxylation
d. Aminotransferase
e. Transamination
iii. Bacterial inhibition is an assay
1.
Document Summary
Core concepts: structural hierarchy of molecular organization in a cell (see slide 12, week 1-2). Volume of average-sized protein / volume of amino acid. Volume = 4/3 * * radius * radius * radius. (pi ~ 3) Volume of a protein: radius - 4 nm. Volume 4 * 4 * 4 * 4. Thus, pah is converted into tyrosine: phenylpyruvate is a pyruvate look alike, pku - let"s draw it i. ii. Phenylalanine -> phenylpyruvate ( : phenylpyruvate (root of problems) blocks transport to pyruvate transport to mitochondrial transporter to produce atp, 1. 1: autosomal recessive: one of several ways a trait, disorder, or disease can be passed down through families g. Inheritance: fetal pku, phenylalanine hydroxylase catalyzes the conversion of, phenylalanine -> tyrosine, phenylalanine aminotransferase catalyzes the conversion of, phenylalanine -> phenylpyruvate. 6: first aug codon establishes the correct reading frame, stop codon: uag, uaa, uga, genetics, central dogma, types of nucleic acids, codons, the genetic code and redundancy.
