BIOL 11000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Peroxisome, Lysosome, Cytoskeleton
14 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Cells- smallest collection of matter that can be alive. They are living things that can grow, reproduce, take in & use energy, excrete waste, respond to the environment, and possess complex structure. All organisms are made of one or more cells. Bacteria are the smallest cells (. 1-1 micrometer diameter) Surface area of membrane- ability to get nutrients. Higher ratio of surface area to volume (sa/v) means better able to supply itself with nutrients. Larger cells have a harder time getting enough nutrients. Expect these structures in cells that exchange large amounts of material with the environment. Two types of cells: prokaryotic: has no internal membrane-bound organelles; all organisms are single-celled, eukaryotic: has internal membrane-bound organelles; some organisms single- and some multicellular. Organelle: compartment within cell with a specific function (a lot like the organs in your body) Only in plants, algae, fungi, and some protists: Cytoplasm- jelly-like substance in which all organelles are suspended.
