BIOL 22100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Messenger Rna, Sigma Factor, Intron

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apricotseal540

26 Aug 2016

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A good promoter has a good match with the consensus and a good amount of rna is made. Different promoters might need a different sigma factor to turn on different genes within the cell. They can use certain genes to run a different type of metabolism. Once the promoter is polymerized it can run in either direction. The direction dictates which strand of dna is used as the template. Transcription is 5"-3" (like dna) therefore the template is read 3"-5" In a eukaryotic cell the rna is made as a pre messenger rna with introns in between the exons. Gu is at the beginning of an intron and ag is at the end. A spliceosome can bind to these and can be removed and the exons would be spliced together. Introns can have stop codons to code for different proteins since the exons combine to make proteins.

Related Questions

Q.1

A gene has two introns and three exons. The length of exons 1, 2 and 3 is 600, 1200 and 300 bp, respectively, which are separated by 400 bp intron-1 and 800 bp intron-2. Suppose, a mixture of the dsDNA completely covering this gene and the processed mRNA it codes for is heated at 95C for 10 minutes, gradually cooled to room temperature and then viewed under electron microscope (EM). Draw the diagram of the DNA-RNA hybrid that you expect to see under the EM and answer the following questions. You should use different color for DNA and RNA strands , and label the regions that represent dsDNA, ssDNA and RNA-DNA hybrid. The diagram must take into account the length of introns and exons.

Q.2

What is the function of SR and silencer proteins that activates and represses splicing, respectively? Name the domains that are found in these proteins and explain their function. Explain how the splicing silencer proteins inhibit the function of the SR proteins.

greyfrog275

1- microRNA regulate protein expression by:

a) binding to the promoter region, activating transcription

b) binding to the promoter region, repressing transcription

c) binding to mRNA, activating translation

d) binding to mRNA, repressing translation

e) bining to rRNA, repressing translation

2- Which finding would be the most plausible?

a) a pre-RNA strand is longer than the corresponding mature mRNA

b) a pre-RNA strand is shorter than the corresponding mature mRNA

c) The nucleotides of a pre-RNA strand are in a different order from those of the corresponding mature mRNA

d) a mature mRNA strand contrains more introns than the corresponding pre-RNA

e) intron scramble the order of genes

3- the dormant form of a bacterial cell is called a:

a) vegetative cell

b) biofilm

c) mutualism

d) spore

e) microbiome

Please explain, thank you!

My instructor sent me this in an email to study for a final.Please help me construct the best possible answer for this as Ihave not written a satisfactory answer to the first question allsemester.

1) As you know the final does include a comprehensive componentregarding the gene and genome. (80 pts)

This first question has to be extremely detailed. For example,"A gene is a unit of inheritance. The gene carries information forit to be passed from one generation to the next. When you combine agene with the environment you are five the necessities for aphenotype. There are many gene types and elements such as the genesfor RNAs that carry information to make proteins, genes fortransfer RNAs that carry amino acids to the ribosomes, genes forribosomal RNAs that are required for structure, function andactivities of a ribosome, genes for small nuclear RNAs that make upthe spliceosome and help to splice introns, and the genes fortelomerase RNA component (TERC). A gene must also include manyparts such as introns, exons, core promoters, regulatory promoters,activators, downstream promoter enzymes (DPE), and many others.These parts of the genes as well as the different gene types mustallow for some variation in certain conditions to allow evolutionto occur. A gene must also be able to be passed on, or inheritedfrom one generation to the next." Figures and drawings are alsoappreciated by my instructor. If you could basically just throweverything you can think of within a gene or a genome at thisquestion that would be greatly appreciated.

2) You will also need to study genetic mapping, DNA as a digitalstorage device, X chromosome inactivation and synthetic biology.(35 pts)

sapphireeel99

BIOL 22100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Messenger Rna, Sigma Factor, Intron

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