EAPS 10200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Stratopause, Cloud Condensation Nuclei, Mount Pinatubo

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Volcanic aerosols: sulfu(cid:396) dio(cid:454)ide i(cid:374)je(cid:272)ted i(cid:374)to the st(cid:396)atosphe(cid:396)e follo(cid:449)i(cid:374)g (cid:373)ajo(cid:396) (cid:448)ol(cid:272)a(cid:374)i(cid:272) e(cid:396)uptio(cid:374)s, refle(cid:272)ts the su(cid:374)light (cid:396)edu(cid:272)i(cid:374)g te(cid:373)pe(cid:396)atu(cid:396)es, afte(cid:396) e(cid:396)uptio(cid:374) of mt. Pi(cid:374)atu(cid:271)o (cid:894)top(cid:895), glo(cid:271)al te(cid:373)pe(cid:396)atu(cid:396)es fell (cid:271)(cid:455) (cid:1005) f du(cid:396)i(cid:374)g a ti(cid:373)e of glo(cid:271)al warming: yea(cid:396) (cid:449)ithout a su(cid:373)(cid:373)e(cid:396) 1816 eruption of tambora, e(cid:455)jafjallaj kull e(cid:396)uptio(cid:374) 2010 (bottom) Layers of the atmosphere: t(cid:396)oposphe(cid:396)e, the t(cid:396)oposphe(cid:396)e is (cid:449)he(cid:396)e all of the (cid:449)eathe(cid:396) o(cid:272)(cid:272)u(cid:396)s. it e(cid:454)te(cid:374)ds f(cid:396)o(cid:373) the su(cid:396)fa(cid:272)e up to (cid:1005)(cid:1006) k(cid:373) (7 mi) above the surface. The temperature decreases at a constant rate with altitude, called the lapse rate (dry), at about 3. 5 f per 1000 ft. increase in altitude. At the top of the troposphere is the tropopause with a temperature of approximately -55 c (-67 f). Stratosphere: the st(cid:396)atosphe(cid:396)e is f(cid:396)o(cid:373) (cid:1005)(cid:1006) k(cid:373) to 5(cid:1004) k(cid:373) (cid:894)(cid:1011) to (cid:1007)(cid:1005) (cid:373)i(cid:895) a(cid:271)o(cid:448)e the su(cid:396)fa(cid:272)e. this is (cid:449)he(cid:396)e the protective layer of ozone is with a peak concentration around 22 km (14 mi).

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