KIN-10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Motivation
Introduction to Kinesiology
Notes
Josephy Yang
Intrinsic Interest as a Motivator
Definitions
1. Intrinsic Motivation;
○ Desire to participate in an activity/task for its own sake (enjoyment, excitement,
challenge)
○ Innate need to feel competent and self-determining when dealing with ones
environment
○ Ongoing seeking and attempting to conquer challenges that are optimized for ones
ability
How to measure
○ A. free choice involvement of activity
○ B. Presence of performance quality- complexity, creativity, flexibility
○ C. Self-report questionnaires- interest, enjoyment, satisfaction
2. Extrinsic Motivation (control and informational competence)
○ Behaviour engaged in an activity other than activity itself
○ Activity becomes a means to an end
○ Produces an feeling of external control resulting in compliance of defiance and is
manifested by feelings of pressure, tension or apprehension(anxiety)
Intrinsic and extrinsic motives are on a continuum, they are interactive but not additive
How external rewards influence intrinsic interest have been analyzed in two ways:
1.Empirical approach- research based
A. Lepper & Green (1975)- Nursery study
○ Felt tipped pens for drawing
○ 3 groups of kids
○ 1 group expected reward, 1 did not get reward, 1 unexpected reward
○ 1 week later measured amount of free time spent drawing with pens
■ Results: Expected rewards spent less than half the time drawing than the non-
reward or unexpected reward groups did
Extrinsic rewards actually decreased the intrinsic interest in activity
B. Cognitive Evaluation Theory (Deci & Ryan,1985)
○ Evaluates how an individual perceives the impact of external rewards on perception
on his/her intrinsic motivation (enhance or undermine it)
○ A sub theory of the self- determination theory (Ryan and Deci 2000)
■ 3 basic psychological needs: Effectance, relatedness, & autonomy
○ This a reward can have a controlling or an informational function
i) Control- Locus of Causality
(self determination)
Document Summary
Desire to participate in an activity/task for its own sake (enjoyment, excitement, challenge) Innate need to feel competent and self-determining when dealing with ones environment. Ongoing seeking and attempting to conquer challenges that are optimized for ones ability. C. self-report questionnaires- interest, enjoyment, satisfaction: extrinsic motivation (control and informational competence) Behaviour engaged in an activity other than activity itself. Activity becomes a means to an end. Produces an feeling of external control resulting in compliance of defiance and is manifested by feelings of pressure, tension or apprehension(anxiety) Intrinsic and extrinsic motives are on a continuum, they are interactive but not additive. How external rewards influence intrinsic interest have been analyzed in two ways: 1. empirical approach- research based: lepper & green (1975)- nursery study. 1 group expected reward, 1 did not get reward, 1 unexpected reward. 1 week later measured amount of free time spent drawing with pens.
