01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Chemiosmosis, Glut1, Pyruvic Acid

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17 Oct 2016

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Lecture 8 - cellular respiration: introduction to cell respiration, energy flow. Chemical e in bonds nutrients chemical e in atp e used for cell work: overview of eukaryotic respiration. C6h12o6 + 6o2 6co2 + 6h2o + e (in atp) Redox reactions transfer e- from sugar to o2. It is catabolic & exergonic g is -686kcal/mol. Follow the h in the above reaction. 4 stages: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle (kreb"s cycle, oxidative phosphorylation. Converts 1 glucose into 2 pyruvate and 2 net gain of atp. Glucose enters cell: (mammals) via facilitated diffusion by glut1. 2 g3p 2 pyruvate, 2 nadh, 4 atp. Pyruvate must be modified to enter into mitochondria. Converts pyruvate to acetyl coa (to start krebs cycle: outer mitochondrial membrane - diffusion through small pores, inner mitochondrial membrane - carrier protein needs e. Builds a nadh: the citric acid cycle (cac): krebs cycle. Break down acetyl coa as efficiently as possible.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of cellular respiration?

	a.	Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport
	b.	electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
	c.	Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
	d.	glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
	e.	electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis

1 points

QUESTION 2

Consider a bacterial cell that performs anaerobic respiration. If that bacterial cell had access to six molecules of glucose to use, how many ATP molecules would it be able to produce?

	a.	2
	b.	34
	c.	36
	d.	6
	e.	12

1 points

QUESTION 3

The oxygen that organisms need to live is used exclusively in which of the following metabolic pathways?

	a.	Electron transport chain
	b.	Anaerobic respiration
	c.	Glycolysis
	d.	Krebs cycle
	e.	ATP-Synthase

1 points

QUESTION 4

The electron transport chain uses the energy in NADH and FADH₂ to pump H⁺ ions from the matrix to the innermembrane space. The H⁺ gradient is then used to power ATP-Synthase. Enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a molecule of NADH to produce ______ ATP molecules, while enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a FADH₂ molecule to produce ______ ATP molecules.

	a.	three; two
	b.	three; three
	c.	two; two
	d.	two; three

1 points

QUESTION 5

Which of the following list contains only products of cellular respiration?

	a.	glucose, oxygen, ADP
	b.	ATP, carbon dioxide
	c.	oxygen, ADP, carbon dioxide
	d.	ATP, glucose, oxygen
	e.	glucose, ATP

1 points

QUESTION 6

What powers the enzyme ATP-Synthase?

	a.	NADH molecules
	b.	oxygen (O₂)
	c.	ATP
	d.	NADH and FADH₂ molecules
	e.	The H⁺ gradient between the matrix and inner-membrane space

1 points

QUESTION 7

Organisms exist which are able to survive using only glycolysis (i.e. without using oxidative phosphorylation).

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 8

Each ADP molecule contains ________ phosphates, and each ATP molecule contains ________ phosphates.

	a.	three; three
	b.	two; two
	c.	one; two
	d.	two; three
	e.	one; three

1 points

QUESTION 9

Adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP is an endergonic reaction.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The majority of ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during glycolysis.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 11

Glycolysis occurs:

	a.	on enzymes located in the inner-membrane.
	b.	in the cytosol.
	c.	in the inner-membrane space.
	d.	in the nucleus of the cell.
	e.	in the matrix of mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 12

Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is due to:

	a.	the production of alcohol during anaerobic respiration.
	b.	a buildup of lactic acid.
	c.	an excessive amount of ATP that builds up during exercise.
	d.	the large amounts of CO₂ building up in the muscle.

1 points

QUESTION 13

A required reactant for glycolysis is:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	carbon dioxide.
	c.	oxygen.
	d.	NAD+.
	e.	mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 14

NADH is produced in all of the following except:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	the Krebs cycle.
	c.	glycolysis.

Question 1 Organisms exist which are able to survive using only glycolysis (i.e. without using oxidative phosphorylation).
True
False

Question 2 Glycolysis occurs:
a. in the matrix of mitochondria.
b. in the inner-membrane space.
c. in the cytosol.
d. in the nucleus of the cell.
e. on enzymes located in the inner-membrane.

Question 3 Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is due to:
a. the large amounts of CO2 building up in the muscle.
b. an excessive amount of ATP that builds up during exercise.
c. a buildup of lactic acid.
d. the production of alcohol during anaerobic respiration.

Question 4 Each ADP molecule contains ________ phosphates, and each ATP molecule contains ________ phosphates.
a. two; three
b. two; two
c. three; three
d. one; three
e. one; two

Question 5 The oxygen that organisms need to live is used exclusively in which of the following metabolic pathways?
a. Glycolysis
b. Electron transport chain
c. Krebs cycle
d. Anaerobic respiration
e. ATP-Synthase

Question 6 NADH is produced in all of the following except:
a. the electron transport chain.
b. glycolysis.
c. the Krebs cycle.

Question 7 Consider a bacterial cell that performs anaerobic respiration. If that bacterial cell had access to six molecules of glucose to use, how many ATP molecules would it be able to produce?
a. 36
b. 6
c. 12
d. 34
e. 2

Question 8 The majority of ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during glycolysis.
True
False

Question 9 What powers the enzyme ATP-Synthase?
a. The H+ gradient between the matrix and inner-membrane space
b. ATP
c. oxygen (O2)
d. NADH molecules
e. NADH and FADH2 molecules

Question 10 Which of the following list contains only products of cellular respiration?
a. ATP, glucose, oxygen
b. ATP, carbon dioxide
c. oxygen, ADP, carbon dioxide
d. glucose, ATP
e. glucose, oxygen, ADP

Question 11 Adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP is an endergonic reaction. True False

Question 12 The electron transport chain uses the energy in NADH and FADH2 to pump H+ ions from the matrix to the innermembrane space. The H+ gradient is then used to power ATP-Synthase. Enough H+ is pumped from the energy in a molecule of NADH to produce ______ ATP molecules, while enough H+ is pumped from the energy in a FADH2 molecule to produce ______ ATP molecules.
a. two; three
b. three; three
c. three; two
d. two; two

Question 13 Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of cellular respiration?
a. glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
b. Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
c. electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis
d. electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
e. Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport

Question 14 A required reactant for glycolysis is:
a. carbon dioxide.
b. mitochondria.
c. NAD+.
d. the electron transport chain.
e. oxygen.

maroonguinea-pig450

No handwriting please and only answer if you are gonna complete all of them from 30-40. Thanks in advance and hope you are having a great day today.

Select the correct answer:

30. How would amino acids from the bloodstream move across a cell membrane?

	a.	diffusion
	b.	osmosis
	c.	facilitated diffusion
	d.	active transport
	e.	endocytosis

31. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

	a.	water vapor
	b.	carbon dioxide
	c.	gaseous nitrogen
	d.	methane
	e.	nitrous oxide

32. The greenhouse effect is most similar to

	a.	heating up the air inside a car by parking it in the sun
	b.	warming the air for a hot-air balloon with a propone burner
	c.	burning kerosene in a heater to warm up the air inside a cold house
	d.	growing plants in your office to reduce indoor air pollution
	e.	cooking food with a charcoal grill

33. Temperature is a measure of

	a.	the potential energy in a substance
	b.	how fast the molecules in a substance are moving
	c.	the energy lost from a substance to its surroundings
	d.	how much heat is being absorbed by a substance

34. Fossil fuels include all the following EXCEPT

	a.	oil
	b.	coal
	c.	hydrogen gas
	d.	natural gas
	e.	gasoline

35. On Earth,________is/are the largest reservoir of carbon dioxide and heat.

36. Chemical work within cells is powered by

	a.	NAD+
	b.	NADPH
	c.	ADP
	d.	ATP

38. Which of the following processes creates the most ATP per glucose molecule metabolized?

	a.	glycolysis
	b.	fermentation
	c.	photorespiration
	d.	aerobic cellular respiration
	e.	the light reactions of photosynthesis

39. In cellular respiration,_______is produced during_______.

	a.	oxygen; the citric acid cycle
	b.	carbon dioxide; the citric acid cycle
	c.	oxygen; the light reactions
	d.	carbon dioxide; the light reactions

40. Metabolic pathways that require oxygen are referred to as

	a.	aerobic
	b.	anaerobic
	c.	photosynthetic
	d.	fermentative

01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Chemiosmosis, Glut1, Pyruvic Acid

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