01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Electron Microscope, Cell Membrane, Cell Fractionation
15 Feb 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Chapter 06 - a tour of the cell. Concept 6. 1 to study cells, biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry: the discovery and early study of cells progressed with the invention of microscopes in 1590 and their improvement in the 17th century. Concept 6. 2 eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions. In a eukaryotic cell, chromosomes are contained in a membrane-enclosed organelle, the nucleus. In a prokaryotic cell, the dna is concentrated in the nucleoid without a membrane separating it from the rest of the cell. Larger organisms do not generally have larger cells than smaller organisms simply more cells: cells that exchange a lot of material with their surroundings, such as intestinal cells, may have long, thin projections from the cell surface called microvilli. Microvilli increase surface area without significantly increasing cell volume. For example, enzymes embedded in the membranes of mitochondria function in cellular respiration.
