01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Medulla Oblongata, Tonicity, Thoracic Cavity
8 Jul 2015
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Figure 42. 24 structure of alveoli: volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath is the tidal volume (~500ml at rest, air that remains after forced exhalation is called residual volume. 7. loading and unloading of gases in lungs (of course) relies on partial pressure. Inhaling; lung volume increases as rib muscles and diaphragm contract. Figure 42. 27 negative pressure model: thoracic cavity is expanded, lowering air pressure in lungs below pressure outside body, remember, gas flows from area of higher pressure to area of lower pressure. Animals need to maintain body processes near a set point (e. g. temperature, glucose, oxygen, etc. To work properly, physiological systems operate in fluid environment. Relative concentrations of water and solutes therefore have to be maintained within narrow limits. Excretion is process of riding body of nitrogenous metabolites and other waste products. If live in hyperosmotic environment, then lose water and must therefore take water in.
