01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Covalent Bond, Hydroxy Group, Hydrophile
15 Sep 2015
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Due to valence e- =many different skeleton variations: Contains c & h bonded through strong covalent bonds. Functional groups: hydroxyl (-oh, polar, en oxygen, hydrophilic. Carbonyl (c=o: aldehyde i. terminal c=o, ketone i. internal c=o. **acidic: nonionized form proton donor h+ i, acidic, causes environment to become acidic iv. [cooh] b. ionized form electrically charged form i: polar, negative, hydrophilic iv. [nh2-] b. ionized polar i: hydrophilic, positive iv. Thiol group a. b: specific to proteins. Phosphate (h2po4: membranes, ability to donate 1 or 2 hydrogens c. results acidic polar i, hydrophilic. Methyl (ch3: nonpolar, hydrophobic phospholipids nucleic acids. Many identical/ similar monomers linked together by covalent bonds. Make 2 monomers together thru loss of water. 2 monomers with covalent bonds, separating due to addition of water. Never combine more than 3 lipids together. Saturated: paired with hydrogen (more dangerous if consumed a lot) every carbon is. Unsaturated: hydrogens and some are db some carbons are not completely filled with.
