01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Archibald Garrod, Ribosomal Rna, Francis Crick
31 Mar 2016
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Gene expression: archibald garrod (1902, studied inherited metabolic diseases, suggested genes are responsible for phenotypes through enzymes for specific reactions, one of 1st to suggest mendel"s principles applied to humans. Beadle and tatum (1920s-30s: worked on bread mold, wild type (wt) requires few nutrients, x-ray tr eatment mutations required specific nutrients. Nutritional mutant experiments: they were able to piece together a metabolic pathway for mold growth. Conclusions: 1 gene 1 enzyme hypothesis, the function of a gene is to direct production of a specific enzyme. Revisions to 1 gene 1 enzyme hypothesis : not all proteins are enzymes. Revised to 1 gene 1 protein: not all proteins are single polypeptides. Ex: hemoglobin: revised to 1 gene 1 polypeptide. Flow of genetic information: proposed by francis crick, 1956, unidirectional flow of information, dna rna protein (transcription translation, central dogma of biology. Central dogma processes: transcription: dna-> rna. Information in dna used to synthesize rna complementary bases: translation: rna protein.
