01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Nucleolus, Centriole, Synaptonemal Complex
18 Apr 2016
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Heredity: transmission of traits from one generation to the next inheritance. Variation differences between individuals (child to parents and siblings) Gametes: reproductive cells that transmit genes from one generation to the next. 1 diploid (2n) parent 2 diploid offspring. 1 haploid (n) parent 2 haploid offspring. Clones are produced: offspring are exact copies of each other and of parent. Avoid time and energy to find mate. Produce lots of progeny (well adapted to environment) Union of 2 gametes (sex cells) to form a zygote. Gamete (n) + gamete (n) zygote (2n) = fertilisation. Gametes usually from different parents (egg and sperm) Each diploid (2n) parents 4 haploid (n) cells (half the # of x) . Offspring are not genetically identical to parents (not clonal) Some may be better able to survive environmental (change or stress) Human somatic cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Done during mitosis x highly condensed stained so that it becomes visible.
