01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Extracellular Fluid, Blood Sugar, Body Plan

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: Gregory Transue

Document Summary

All living things regulate internal conditions in some way. Ex: increase in exercise-> increase in heat-> increase in body temperature-> increase sweating-> increase evaporative cooling which decreases body temperature. Ex: childbirth: increase in pressure from baby(cid:495)s head-> increases contractions from mom-> increase birth. Osmosis and diffusion of water across membrane: homeostasis via osmoregulation. Goal: regulate internal environment by exchanging with external environment. Organisms want internal solute concentration > or < environment use osmosis/diffusion. Protocells: not living, still maintains homeostasis via osmoregulation. Osmoregulation this via contractile vacuole (pumps water out-> prevents bursting) Osmoregulation via simple diffusion works for simple animals-> every cell close to fluid, easy to diffuse. Strength, movement, diffusion, heat exchange dependent on body size/shape. Ex: swimming animals-> water environment-> limitation because water environment is denser/viscous vs. air. Many aquatic organisms with fusiform due to convergent evolution-> function = swimming. 4 types of tissues in animals: epithelial, connective, cardiac, muscle. 2 strategies (regulation and conforming) on a continuum.