01:119:116 Lecture 3: Protists

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: D.Stern- Cardinale

Document Summary

Introduction to eukaryotes: c/c eukaryotic structures, seq eukaryotic evolution, c/c characteristics of protists. Compartmentalized (cid:314) endomembrane system, golgi body, etc. Well-developed cytoskeleton (cid:314) network of fibers within cell. Provides support, allows for asymmetry, changing shape (like a cell wall in plants) Relationship between 2 species in which 1 lives inside the other. Serial endosymbiosis (cid:314) series of endosymbiotic events that resulted in eukaryotic organelles. Mitochondria: aerobic bacterium within anaerobic cell (cid:313) alpha proteobacteria (cid:313) archaea. All mitochondria descended from a single common ancestor. Plastid (cid:314) general term for a group of closely related organelles. Led to two lineages of photosynthetic protists (cid:314) red algae, green algae. Had 1 primary endosymbiotic event at root of tree (cid:314) that resulted in mitochondria. Lineage split and primary endosymbiosis happened again. Early eukaryote (from 1 endosymbiosis) gets engulfed. Occurred frequently in red and green algae, led to other lineages with plastids. Heterotrophic eukaryote (with mitochondria) engulfs cyanobacteria (1 endosymbiosis)