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01:160:163 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Chromate And Dichromate, Stannate, Nitrite

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School
Rutgers University
Department
Chemistry
Course
01:160:163
Professor
Lauren Klein- Juneau

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Document Summary

Complex ions: multiple neutral molecules or monoatomic anions attach to a monoatomic cation. Coordination compound: a complex ion combines with counterions to then form what is a neutral compound. Second valance: number of ligands attached/bonded to the central ion/cation. This is also referred to as the coordination number: can range from 2 to 12, but are most commonly 4 and 6. To form complex ions: a lewis acid-base reaction occurs, a coordinate covalent bond forms. Coordinate covalent bond: the pair of electrons is donated by one atom. Chelate atom: a complex ion with a multidentate ligand. Multidentate atoms are those that can form more than one coordinate covalent bond wit the central metal/cation; their lone pairs have to be separated and spaced out enough to allow for these multiple bonds to fit. Chelate agents: the rings that bidentate and polydentate ions can form when coordinating complex ions.

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Related Questions

A complex ion is a species in which a central metal ion is attached to a group of surrounding ions or molecules by coordinate covalent bonds. The surrounding species are called ligands. Within a ligand, the atoms that are directly attached to the metal ion (or atom) are called donor atoms. Most ligands contain a single donor atom (monodentate), but some contain two donor atoms (bidentate), six donor atoms (hexadentate), or another combination of donor atoms. A complex ion that is associated with one or more counter ions is called a coordination compound. For example [PdCl4]2− is a complex ion, and Na[PdCl4] is a coordination compound. The following table lists some common ligands.

Ligand Number of
donor atoms
Cl− 1
F− 1
Br− 1
CO32− 2
CN− 1
gly− 2
EDTA4− 6
NH3 1
H2O 1
CO 1

The coordination number for a complex is the total number of donor atoms surrounding the central atom. The overall charge on a complex is the sum of the charges of the metal and all the ligands.

Part A

What is the coordination number for each of the following complexes or compounds?

a) [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+

b) [Pb(EDTA)]2−

c) [Pt(NH3)4]2+

d) [Ag(NH3)2]NO3

Part B

What is the charge on each of the following complex ions?

a) hexaaquachromium(II), [Cr(H2O)6]?

b) tris(carbonato)aluminate(III), [Al(CO3)3]?

c) amminepentachloroplatinate(IV), [Pt(NH3)Cl5]?

Part C

What is the oxidation number of the central metal ion in each of the following complexes or compounds?

a) [NiCl2Br2]2−

b) [Cr(H2O)2(NH3)4]3+

c) Na[Ag(CN)2]

Constants | Periodic Table

A complex ion is a species in which a central metal ion is attached to a group of surrounding ions or molecules by coordinate covalent bonds. The surrounding species are called ligands. Within a ligand, the atoms that are directly attached to the metal ion (or atom) are called donor atoms. Most ligands contain a single donor atom (monodentate), but some contain two donor atoms (bidentate), six donor atoms (hexadentate), or another combination of donor atoms. A complex ion that is associated with one or more counter ions is called a coordination compound. For example [PdCl4]2−is a complex ion, and Na[PdCl4] is a coordination compound. The following table lists some common ligands.
Ligand Number of
donor atoms
Cl− 1
F− 1
Br− 1
CO32− 2
CN− 1
gly− 2
EDTA4− 6
NH3 1
H2O 1
CO 1
The coordination number for a complex is the total number of donor atoms surrounding the central atom. The overall charge on a complex is the sum of the charges of the metal and all the ligands.

Part A

What is the coordination number for each of the following complexes or compounds?

[Co(NH3)4Cl2]+

[Cr(EDTA)]−

[Zn(H2O)4]2+

Na[Ag(CN)2]

Enter the coordination numbers, in the order that the complexes are listed, as four integers separated by commas (e.g., 1,2,3,4).

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Part B

What is the charge on each of the following complex ions?

hexaaquamanganese(II), [Mn(H2O)6]?

tris(carbonato)aluminate(III), [Al(CO3)3]?

amminepentachloroplatinate(IV), [Pt(NH3)Cl5]?

Express the charges numerically, in the order that the complexes are listed, separated by commas. For a nonzero charge, be sure to include the sign (e.g., +1,-2,+3).

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Part C

What is the oxidation number of the central metal ion in each of the following complexes or compounds?

[NiCl2Br2]2−

[Cr(H2O)2(NH3)4]3+

Na[Au(CN)2]

Express the oxidation numbers numerically, in the order that the complexes are listed, separated by commas. For a nonzero oxidation number, be sure to include the sign (e.g., +1,-2,+3).

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