01:447:380 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Reverse Genetics, Dna Gyrase, Nucleosome
24 Jul 2016
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~eukaryotic cells are never unicellular, therefore doesn"t need a cell wall, is part of a larger organism. ~bacteria is a single-celled organism, so has that skin cell wall around it. ~bacterial chromosome is circular, only one origin of replication (unlike eu) ~repetitive sequences almost regularly interspersed in chromosome of prokaryote. ~euk chromosomes are linear, ends have a lot of repetitive sequences, and middle. ~many origins of replication that happen all at the same time. ~histones make complexes that dna wraps around, each complex has two loops around, each complex of two loops is a nucleosome. ~nucleosomes come together to compact dna into a tiny chromosome. ~histones are positively charged, dna is negatively charged. ~any enzyme that binds to dna is positively charged, ex: transcription factors (transcribe info from dna into rna) ~older a person gets, there is more relaxation of dna. ~things that need to be done before cell divides replicate dna, separate dna, split cytoplasm.
