01:460:101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Tetragonal Crystal System, Chemical Reaction, Triclinic Crystal System
28 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Minerals: a naturally occurring, inorganic element or compound with an orderly internal structure and characteristic chemical composition, crystal form and physical properties. The number of these bonds is the coordination number. Polymorphism- minerals that have the same chemical formula, but different atomic structures are called polymorphs. They are made up of the same atoms, but the atoms are packed differently. (graphite and diamond: goldschmidt"s rules: If radii differ by less than 15% the ions of one element can extensively replace those of another in ionic crystals. Ions substitute for another if they differ by one unit. If not, substitution is generally slight (ringwood"s modification 1955: Ions even only differed by one unit, will likely not substitute when the ions have different electro negativities and form bonds of different ionic character. When two ions occupy a crystal lattice spot, the ion with higher ionic potential forms a stronger bond with the anions surrounding the site.
