01:830:310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Saccule, Brodmann Area, Prefrontal Cortex

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Nociception perception of unpleasant stimuli: pain and temperature, nerve ending receptrors. Hapsis perception of objects using fine touch and pressure receptors. Proprioception perception of position of limbs and their movement. Balance mediated by vestibular system in inner ear. Spinothalamic tract: pain and temperature information, crosses at entry level to spinal cord. Dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway: touch and proprioceptive information, crosses in the medulla. Vestibular organ: contains otolith organs (saccule and utricle) and three semicircular canals. Otoliths/otoconia: little bits like sand (tiny granules) ear stones, as you move your head, the granules move against the hair cells and stimulate the hair cells. In charge of telling you how your head is moving/positioned: depending on which hair cells are activated, you know where your head is. In the case of hearing, there is a pressure wave related to the sounds you are hearing. In the vestibular sense, it is related to the movement of your head.

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