PHSL 310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Renal Function, Macula Densa, Internal Sphincter Muscle Of Urethra
Document Summary
Renal corpuscle: this section of the nephron consists of the glomerulus and bowman"s capsule. Nephron: glomerulus, which is a tuft of capillaries, and a renal tube. Filtration barrier between the glom. and bowman"s capsule: (1st) glomerular capillary endothelium, (2nd) basement membrane, (3rd) filtration slits (foot processes/ podocytes), Juxtamedullary nephrons: loops of henle (cortex), involved in the concentration of urine, found at the border between cortex and medulla, about 15% of all nephrons are in this category. Cortical nephrons: most nephrons are in this category, short loop of henle. Juxtaglomerular apparatus: macula densa cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells, juxtaglomerular cells. Macula densa cells: darkened area of the first segment of the distal convoluted tubule; these cells participate in regulation of glomerular filtration rate and renin release. Juxtaglomerular cells: modified smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent (and sometimes the efferent) arteriole. They produce renin which is important in regulating blood pressure and volume.
