BIO 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Thermodynamics, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Apoptosis
22 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Components of the cell are chopped up and packaged into vesicles that are digested by scavenger cells. Prevents enzymes from leaking out of a dying cell and damaging neighboring cells. Very tightly regulated [no way to come back after death] Ex of apoptosis: forming of fingers or toes during developmental stages. Can also be triggered by other event. Hydrolytic enzymes that digest the cell [protein, dna, etc. ] are called caspases. These hydrolytic enzymes need to be activated. Hydrolytic enzymes are trapped inside the mitochondria. Death signals allow the caspase activators to leave the mitochondria, so they can activate the caspases. Once the caspases are activated, they activate other caspases. Cell sacrificed for the sake of the whole body. Molecules that sense these stresses send the signals that initiate apoptosis. Apoptosis is tumor suppressive, because it eliminated damaged and deranged cells. [killing cells that are growing when they are not supposed to be growing]
