BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Extracellular Fluid, Resting Potential, Atp-Sensitive Potassium Channel

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rubybutterfly542

2 Nov 2016

School

Stony Brook University

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 203

Professor

William Collins, Sarah Malmquist

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Document Summary

Pick the incorrect statement water and ion balance (assume an aqueous/marine environment) Bio 203 lecture 7: organism c is hyperosmotic relative to organism a, organism b is isosmotic relative to the environment, organism c will experience passive water loss to the environment, organism a is an osmo-regulator. Answer: a, they are isosmotic to each other because they are all on the same level vertically. Solution c: 0. 1m glucose + 0. 1 m nacl. Clicker question: the glu uni-port carrier is an example of a membrane transport protein that provides for the facilitated movement of glucose down its concentration gradient. Facilitated transport- transport w/ the help of a carrier protein not a channel protein. Clicker question: an increase in membrane permeability to a lipophobic electrolyte is the equivalent of increasing the number of carrier proteins in the open configuration. Lipophobic is a hydrophilic molecule so it needs a carrier protein. No such thing as a carrier protein in the open configuration.

Related Questions

1. Your goal is to make an isotonic intravenous solution for an emergency room patient who

has lost a lot of blood. The available solutes include glucose (300 mM), NaCl (150 mM), and
urea (300 mM). What solutes should she use to make up the IV solution with an osmolarity
of 300 mOsm (isosmotic), making sure that it will also be isotonic?

Explain your answer.
Assume that the cell is permeable to urea, glucose, but not to NaCl and that the osmolarity of
the cell is 300 mOsm.

2. If a 10% sucrose solution is separated from a 20% sucrose solution by a membrane
impermeable to sucrose, in which direction will net movement of water occur?
A) from the 10% sucrose solution to the 20% sucrose solution only
B) from the 20% sucrose solution to the 10% sucrose solution only
C) There will be no net movement of water in this case.
D) None of the answers are correct.

Read the following scenarios and indicate which of the following processes they describe.

11. Sodium molecules move randomly around a solution of sodium chloride in water, frequently colliding with other sodium ions and chloride ions. secondary active transport diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion primary active transport

12. Sodium ions (Na+) move through sodium channels in a synthetic membrane. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

13. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. primary active transport secondary active transport facilitated diffusion osmosis

14. Water molecules move into the cytosol of a cell placed in pure water. facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

15. Water molecules move out of a cell placed in a hypertonic solution. facilitated diffusion primary active transport secondary active transport osmosis

16. The action of sodium-potassium pumps moves sodium ions (Na+) out of a cell and potassium ions (K+) into a cell. facilitated diffusion secondary active transport osmosis primary active transport

17. Glucose molecules move into cells lining the intestine against their concentration gradient driven by the movement of sodium ions (Na+) into the cells down their concentration gradient. osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport facilitated diffusion

18. A beaker of water is separated by a selectively permeable membrane that allows the passage of water but not ions. A solution of 4% sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed on one side of the membrane and pure water is placed on the other side of the membrane. The solutions are allowed to equilibrate. At this point, which process is going on? facilitated diffusion osmosis secondary active transport primary active transport

amaranthelk944

Cell Membranes Lab Report

Diffusion

Compare the following terms: solvent, solute, andsolution.

Go to Lab, Section I, Exercise 1 to explore the factorsinfluencing the rate of diffusion and complete the following:

Predict how molecular mass and temperature may affect theoutcome of this experiment.

Record the data from information in the Lab in the tablebelow.

Time (min)	Diameter (mm)
Time (min)	5Â°C MB	5Â°C PP	23Â°CMB	23Â°C PP
0
15
30
45

Construct a line graph of the data from the table above. Yourgraph should include labeled axes, units, and a legend indicatingwhich treatment is presented. Sign, date and prepare an image ofyour graph and include it with this lab report.

Osmosis

Go to Lab, Section II, Exercise 2 to view a demonstration ofosmosis and answer the following questions:

Describe the net movement of water in osmometer 1.

How is the movement of water molecules related to theconcentration gradient of the solution?

Go to Lab, Section II, Exercise 3 to observe the effect ofsolute concentration on the rate of osmosis. Answer the followingquestions:

Was the net movement of water in bags 1 to 4 into or out of thebags?

Explain the results from bags 4 and 5.

Selective Permeability of Membranes

Go to Lab, Section III, Exercise 4 to learn about theimportance of selectively permeable membranes, then complete thetable and answer the following questions:

	Contents of Beaker
	0 Min	30 Min
Starch
Chloride ion

Which substances diffused through the dialysis membrane?

How does dialysis tubing model the selective permeability of aplasma membrane?

Tonicity

Go to Lab, Section IV, Exercise 5 and 6 to observe plasmolysisin Elodea cells and tonicity in red blood cells. Summarizethe concept of tonicity using blood and Elodea cells asexamples. Your description should incorporate these terms: turgid,plasmolysis, hemolysis, and crenation.

Cells	Isotonic Solution	Hypertonic Solution	Hypotonic Solution
Elodea
RBC

Based on your previous work, reproduce the table below and drawan illustration of a single cell in each box. Include arrows toshow the direction of water flow relative to each cell and dots tosymbolize solutes. Sign, date and prepare an image of your drawingand include it with this lab report.

Cells	Isotonic Solution	Hypertonic Solution	Hypotonic Solution
Elodea
RBC

Summary Questions

Compare diffusion and osmosis. Give an example of each.

2. In which direction will osmosisoccur if a 15% sugar solution is separated from a 25% sugarsolution by a selectively permeable membrane?

3. Why did osmosis, but not diffusionof sucrose molecules, occur across the dialysis membrane containing20% sucrose solution?

4. You are having a party and thecelery is limp. What might you do to make the celery crisp (turgid)again? What will occur in the cells?

5. A small amount of fertilizer(mineral salts) will stimulate plant growth, but over fertilizationcan kill plants? Why?

6. Michael adds sugar to his coffee.Explain what in this drink is the solvent, solute, and solution.

7. You add a cube of sugar to yourdrink. How could you speed up the diffusion of sugar moleculeswithout stirring?

8. How is dynamic equilibriumestablished within a solution?

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BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Extracellular Fluid, Resting Potential, Atp-Sensitive Potassium Channel

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