BIO 208 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Nuclear Membrane, Carbidopa, Hypokinesia

• School: Stony Brook University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 208
• Professor: Leslie Evinger

Document Summary

5 nuclei of the basal ganglia: caudate + putamen = striatum, globus pallidus external (gpe, globus pallidus (gpi, subthalamic nucleus (stn, substantia nigra, reticulata (snr) and substantia nigra compacta (snc) use dopamine. Basal ganglia inputs from cerebral cortex go to striatum. Bg outputs arise from substantia nigra reticulata and globus pallidus internal and inhibit thalamus and superior colliculus. The subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus external link inputs and outputs of basal ganglia. Substantia nigra compacta modulates neurons in the striatum by releasing the neurotransmitter dopamine. Synapse inhibitory- gaba- decrease # of action potentials (discharge) Indirect pathway: cerebral cortex = glutamate, striatum = gaba, gpe = gaba, stn = glutamate, gpi/snr = gaba, thalamus then back up to cortex. Direct pathway: cerebral cortex, striatum, gpi/snr. Neurons can either excite or inhibit other neurons. Neurons that use glutamate (glu) as a neurotransmitter excite other neurons and neurons that use gamma butyric acid (gaba) as a neurotransmitter inhibit other neurons.