BIO 361 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Amine, Peptide, Thyroid Hormones
27 Jun 2016
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Biochemistry professor sanford simon stony brook summer 2016. All proteins are composed of 20 amino acids but not all proteins contain all 20. At physiological ph: amino group is protonated, carboxylic acid group is unprotonated pk of amino group is ~9. 4, pk of carboxylate group is ~2. 2. Amino acids can be polymerized by a condensation reaction to form polypeptides. Individual amino acids incorporated into a polypeptide are known as residues". All proteins have a free amino (n-terminal) and a free carboxylate group (c-terminal) Product of the formation of an amide or peptide bond is water. Nonpolar amino acid side chains have a variety of shapes and sizes. These amino acids will aggregate in a solution of water or polar solvent. Uncharged polar side chains have hydroxyl, amide, and thiol groups. These residues are very inclined to form hydrogen bonds on the extremities of protein structures. Cysteine is an uncharged amino acid that can form disulfide bonds.
