PSY 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Observational Learning, Classical Conditioning, Egocentrism
15 Sep 2016
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Mutual interaction between the child"s behavior and the environment. Can determine consequences of actions; what we believe will happen in the future vs. what happens immediately. Children were randomly assigned to experiment or control group. Experimental saw the aggressive model be praised or punished. Control group saw the model not be aggressive, or they saw no model. Pros: clinical technique (behavior modification); objective; precise measurement; controlled experiments; reinforcement/punishment; parsimonious; heuristic; Sensorimotor (birth-2)- use senses to explore and understand the world. Until they move to the next stage, can"t use symbolic (images, words) thought problems mentally; learning about the world through movement and senses. Preoperational (2-7)- symbolic thought: language, pretend play, problem solving; egocentric and not logical. Concrete operational (7-11)- classify, add, act on concrete object in their head. Solve problems through trial and error; hypothetical/abstract is difficult. Formal operational (11-12+)- think about abstract and hypothetical concepts; form hypotheses and test with scientific method.
