NURS 4390 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Intermittent Claudication, Human Body Weight, Secondary Hypertension
3 May 2020
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Hypertension: persistent systolic bp of 140 mm hg+, diastolic (dbp) of 90 mm hg+ Prehypertension: sbp of 120-139 mm hg or dbp of 80-89 mm hg. Isolated systolic htn: average sbp og 140 mm hg or more, coupled with an average dbp of less than 90 mm hg. Primary hypertension: elevated bp without an identified cause. Unknown underlying cause, but contributing factors: changes in endothelial function r/t either vasoconstriction or vasodilating agents. Increases sns activity: overproduction of sodium retaining hormones. Increased sodium intakes: greater than ideal body weight, diabetes, tobacco use, excessive alcohol intake. Secondary hypertension: elevated bp with a specific cause that often can be identified and corrected. Treatment is aimed at removing or treating the underlying cause. Secondary htn is contributing factor to htn crisis. Objective: cool extremities, absent or diminished pulses, cyanosis on elevation, bruit may be auscultated, thickened or plaque nails, shiny skin and decreased hair growth, poor capillary refill >3, ulcers present.
