BIO 326 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sister Chromatids, Cytogenetics, Ovulation
22 Mar 2018
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Lecture 3: reproduction and chromosome transmission (chapter 2) Dna content in the millions of mbases. Unicellular organisms tend to reproduce asexually most of the time although they can also undergo sexual reproduction when it is advantageous. Multicellular organisms including fungi, plants and simple animals can reproduce asexually and sexually. Most of the time they reproduce sexually which takes more time and effort but increases genetic variation. Some animals can only use sexual reproduction. Bacteria reproduce asexually by binary fission: chromosome is replicated, assembles into a ring and brings in proteins that produce the septum. Ftsz protein ancestral to actin: septum, a new cell wall that forms to separate the 2 daughter cells from each other, two new daughter cells, can be produced as fast as every 20-30 minutes. These two daughter cells are exact copies, no genetic variation. One circular chromosome, complexed with proteins ( histones only in archaea. Easy to copy and distribute to new cells.
