PSY 2401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Hindsight Bias, Construct Validity
7 Sep 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Friday, September 2, 2016
Class 3
Chapter 2 (Research Methods)!
! ! !Hindsight bias - Once you know about something, it makes it easier to
surmise various assumptions. Tendency for people to exaggerate how
much they could have predicted an outcome after knowing it occured. !
" " " !
" " "Basic Research - Answer big general questions or for intellectual
curiosity. !
" " " !
" " "Applied Research - Conducted to solve a particular problem. !
" " "Operational Definition - A more formal and concise defintion that can
be easily measured. !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "- Has good construct validity which means is
measures what it is intended to measure. !
Data collection !
" " " !
" " "Self-reports/surveys - !
" " " " " " "" """""Advantages !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - Very easy to make and administer. !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - "Very cheap, even free. !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - Very fast as well. !
" " " " " " " " "" Disadvantages !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - Wording effects. Using words that elicit various
response depending on the person, for example. !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - Social desirability. People want to put forward
the best representation of themselves. !
" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " - Retroactive. Memory is fallible and often is not
accurately representative. !
!!!!!!
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Document Summary
Hindsight bias - once you know about something, it makes it easier to surmise various assumptions. Tendency for people to exaggerate how much they could have predicted an outcome after knowing it occured. Basic research - answer big general questions or for intellectual curiosity. Applied research - conducted to solve a particular problem. Operational de nition - a more formal and concise de ntion that can be easily measured. Has good construct validity which means is measures what it is intended to measure. Using words that elicit various response depending on the person, for example. People want to put forward the best representation of themselves. Memory is fallible and often is not accurately representative.
