BIO 2400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Germination, Biological Warfare, Multinucleate
18 Nov 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Average rod 1. 1 - 1. 5 x 2 6 m (e. coli) 2: bacterial cell envelope, plasma membrane, periplasmic space, cell wall and layers outside the cell wall, plasma membrane functions. 3: encompasses the cytoplasm; absolute requirement for all living organisms, selectively permeable barrier, interacts with external environment, receptors for detection of and response to chemicals in surroundings, transport systems, metabolic processes, fluid mosaic model of membrane structure. The anthrax toxin in host cells illustrates the fluid mosaic model: after oligomerization in lipid rafts the receptor-toxin complex is internalized by endocytosis. According to this model, there is a lipid bilayer in which the protein molecules are embedded. The lipid bilayer gives fluidity and elasticity to membrane. Bacterial glycosylations, diverse in linkages and glycan structures, determine appropriate functioning of bacterial virulence factors or hijack host cellular processes in pathogenesis. Glycolipids not known to exist in bacterial plasma membrane. However, lps, for example, is a major part of outer membrane of gram bacteria.
