SOCI - Sociology SOCI 4306 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Responsible Care, Analytical Psychology, Reality Principle
22 Oct 2019
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LECTURE 4
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT II
Psychological Model:
It is a protracted soar from
a) Witch craft and Demonological concepts
b) From infamous biological methods (Insulin surprise therapy, Lobotomy, Electroconvulsive remedy) of
1920’s and 1930’s.
Plato indexed causes of mental problems (a). Social and cultural influence’s in a single’s existence. (b). Studying that
took place inside the surroundings.
• Moral therapy a treatment approach of the 18th century, the term Moral definitely intended emotional or
mental rather than code of behavior.
• Moral remedy proposed humane treatment and responsible care of institutionalized psychologically disturbed
individuals.
• Moral remedy also recommended offering possibilities for appropriate social and interpersonal touch.
• Mental Hygiene Movement with heroic efforts of Dorthea Dix stepped forward and reformed the asylums
and inspired the development of recent establishments in America and in different international locations as
well.
The Psychological subculture become dormant/useless for a while however in twentieth century is reemerged in shape
of several schools of notion.
a) Freudian psychoanalytic version
b) Jungian analytical psychology model
c) Adlerian Individual psychology version
d) Humanistic model
e) Behavioral version
f) Cognitive model
Psychoanalytic or Psychoanalysis or psychodynamic approach pioneered via Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) emphasized
on internal intellectual procedures and youth reports. The center elements of this approach include.
1. Analysis of mental structures in warfare
2. Levels of consciousness
3. Defense mechanisms
4. Psychosexual ranges of improvement.
Psychodynamic approach
❖ Id is Pleasure Principle
❖ Mental Structures Ego →Reality Principle Super Ego → Moral Principle
❖ The human psyche consists of identity, ego and splendid ego, the mind attitudes and behaviors of 3 are in
❖ nation of war called intra-psychic struggle.
❖ Id is the unorganized reservoir of needs or passions associated with our sexual and competitive drives, it
strives for fast gratification that bypasses demand of reality, order good judgment and purpose.
❖ The Id is like an infant, while it desires something it needs it there and then without regard for results, so Id
operates on delight principle.
❖ This refers to Greek idea of hedonism that means satisfaction.
❖ The power inside the Id is categorized as the libido.
❖ The Id has its own feature way of processing records, cognitive fashion referred as primary procedure.
❖ The thinking styles of Id are illogical, irrational, emotional immature and simply selfish.
Ego
▪ Ego the egocentric and threatening drives of identity do no longer go unchecked ego ensures that we should
locate ways to meet our basic needs without offending all and sundry around us.
▪ he ego operates in step with the reality principle and the cognitive operations of the ego are characterized by
logic, purpose and are referred as the secondary procedure.
▪ The ego is the master manipulate, it tries to remedy conflicts among the demands of Id with in the authorized
boundaries of extremely good ego.
▪ The ego has the role to mediate battle among the Id and superb ego in line with realities of the world.
▪ If it mediates effectively, we see an intelligent, innovative character who's well-adjusted at the same time as
if ego is unsuccessful both Id or top notch ego could be robust.
▪ If Id is powerful, we see an antisocial criminal and if superb ego is powerful we see a natural, rigid,
nonflexible person.
▪ Super ego is the storehouse of moral and ethical requirements taught by means of parents, teachers and
lifestyle (it also refers back to the judgment of right and wrong of the psyche).
▪ It operates in step with the moral Principle while we do something incorrect, when moral, ethical standards
are violated than fantastic ego generates guilt.
Example
• You go to a garden wherein you see red roses you face intra-psychic conflict.
• Id says I need purple rose and I need it now.
• Ego says I can come up with the money for to shop for crimson rose from flower shop
• Super Egos says Stealing is bad.
• The signal says don’t pluck plants.
Example
• You go to a store you spot an adorable jacket but the rate is excessive however no person is asking you face
intra-psychic war.
• Id says I want the jacket and I want it now.
• Ego says I need to be sensible I can't manage to pay for the jacket.
• Super Ego says Stealing is horrific.
