NSG 3315 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Mucus, Phrenic Nerve, Alveolar Cells
Document Summary
Conduction airways: mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles. Larynx - watch dog to separate upper and lower respiratory tract. Lower respiratory system: trachea, bronci, bronchioles, lungs, alveoli, alveolar ducts. Upper respiratory tract mucosa - maintains temperature and humidi es gas entering the lungs traps and removes foreign material such as bacteria nasal hairs - traps and removes foreign particles like bacteria. Mucus - protects trachea and bronchi from injury traps most foreign material that reach the lower respiratory tract cilia - propel mucous and trapped particles up to the oropharynx where they are swallowed or coughed up. Nostrils - stimulated by chemical and mechanical irritants which trigger a sneeze. Irritant receptors in the trachea and large airways - stipulated by chemical and mechanical triggers which trigger cough re ex. Lung functions: maintain hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Gas exchange: moves o2 into blood removes co2 from blood. Regulate vasoconstriction substances brandykinin angiotensine ii (lungs) heparin (natural blood thinner)
