CELL 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope, Cell Theory
1 Feb 2020
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Cell theory: all living things are composed of one or more cells. Cell characteristics: prokaryote, first cells to evolve, simple in organization, bacteria and archaea, bacteria shapes: cocci, bacilli, spirochetes, archaea. Thin layer of peptidoglycan followed by a thick layer of lipopolysaccharide. Virulent (most of the time: why cells differ, differential gene regulation, difference in stability and concentration of protein, changes in amino acid composition alternate splicing, covalent modifications of proteins. Plasma membrane: general structure of a biological membrane is a double layer of phospholipids: flexible, formidable barrier, can"t break, function of phospholipid: semi permeable. Cytosol: center of cell where metabolic activities take place. Nucleus: collection of genes that"s responsible for assembling ribosomal subunits, making ribosomal. Rna: nuclear matrix, bulk and structure of ribosome is given by ribosomal rna. Insertion: transmembrane proteins, sorting (distribution, glycosylation, tagging using carbohydrates. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: alcohol detoxification, hydrophilic metabolization, carbohydrate catabolism, glucose 6 phosphatase, calcium reservoir, phospholipid synthesis.
