BSC 215 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Sesamoid Bone, Wormian Bones, Epiphyseal Plate
8 Jun 2018
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Bone Growth
Bones elongate as chondrocytes in the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate divide.
These cell divisions produce new cartilage within the epiphyseal plate bordering
the epiphyses. At the other end of the epiphyseal plate, bordering the diaphysis,
older cartilage is broken down by invading osteoclasts and eventually replaced by
the expanding medullary cavity.
Functions of Bones
Bone is often stereotyped as simply a protective and supportive framework
for the body. Though it does perform these functions, bone is actually a very
dynamic organ that is constantly remodeling and changing shape to adapt to
the daily forces placed upon it. Moreover, bone stores crucial nutrients,
minerals, and lipids and produces blood cells that nourish the body and play
a vital role in protecting the body against infection. All these functions make
the approximately 206 bones of the human body an organ that is essential
to our daily existence.
The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, and the membranes that
line the bones. Each bone is an organ that includes nervous tissue, epithelial
tissue (within the blood vessels), and connective tissue (blood, bone,
cartilage, adipose, and fibrous connective tissue).
Bones have many functions, including the following:
• Support: Bones provide a framework for the attachment of muscles and
other tissues.
• Protection: Bones such as the skull and rib cage protect internal organs
from injury.
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Document Summary
Bones elongate as chondrocytes in the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate divide. These cell divisions produce new cartilage within the epiphyseal plate bordering the epiphyses. At the other end of the epiphyseal plate, bordering the diaphysis, older cartilage is broken down by invading osteoclasts and eventually replaced by the expanding medullary cavity. Bone is often stereotyped as simply a protective and supportive framework for the body. Though it does perform these functions, bone is actually a very dynamic organ that is constantly remodeling and changing shape to adapt to the daily forces placed upon it. Moreover, bone stores crucial nutrients, minerals, and lipids and produces blood cells that nourish the body and play a vital role in protecting the body against infection. All these functions make the approximately 206 bones of the human body an organ that is essential to our daily existence. The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, and the membranes that line the bones.
