HY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 39: Girolamo Savonarola, Goodwife, Elizabethan Religious Settlement
30 May 2018
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I.The Spread of Protestantism
A. German Imperial Diet (1529) originated the term Protestant
B. The Reformation in Switzerland
1. The independence of prosperous Swiss cities
2. Ulrich Zwingli (1484-1531)
a. Theologically moderate form of Lutheranism
b. Catholic theology and practice conflicted with the Gospels
c. Condemned religious images and hierarchical authority
d. The Eucharist was a reminder of Christ's sacrifice, not the real presence of
Christ's body (Luther)
i. Prevented Lutherans and Zwinglians from joining forces in a united front
3. Anabaptism
. Radical Protestant sect
a. Convinced that baptism was effective only if administered to willing adults
b. Men and women are not born into any church
c. Feared by both Catholics and Protestants
d. Münster (1534)
. Sectarianism and millenarianism
i. The New Jerusalem
ii. John of Leyden
iii. Obligatory religious practices, private property abolished,
polygamy permitted
e. Anabaptists persecuted across Europe
. Menno Simons (c. 1496- 1561) and the Mennonite sect
4. John Calvin's reformed theology
. John Calvin (1509-1564)
. Born near Paris, studied law, became a humanist
i. Institutes of the Christian Religion
ii. The omnipotence of God
iii. Man is sinful by nature
iv. Predestination and the elect
v. An active life of piety and morality
a. Calvin and church government
. Rejected popery outright
i. Eliminated all traces of hierarchy
ii. Congregational election of ministers and assemblies of ministers
and electors
iii. "Four bare walls and a sermon"
5. Calvinism in Geneva
. Calvin began preaching in 1536, expelled in 1538, returned in 1541
a. Calvinist theocracy
b. The Consistory—twelve lay elders, ten to twenty pastors
c. The supervision of morality
d. Spread of Calvinism
. John Knox (c. 1513-1572)— brought Calvinism to Scotland (Presbyterians)
i. The Dutch Reformed Church
ii. French Huguenots
iii. English Puritans
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