HY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 49: Retrograde And Prograde Motion, Nicolaus Copernicus, Planetary System
30 May 2018
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Chapter 16 – The New Science of the Seventeenth Century
I.Introduction
A. The new science
1. A body of knowledge
2. A method of inquiry
3. A community of practitioners and institutions
B. The scientific revolution
1. Heliocentricity
2. A new mathematical physics
3. New method of inquiry
4. Science as a distinctive branch of knowledge
5. Natural philosophy—the philosophy of nature
C. Reason
1. Reform government
2. Reorder society
3. Purify religion
II. The Intellectual Origins of the Scientific Revolution
. Medieval antecedents
1. Artists and their observations of the natural world
2. The magnetic compass
3. The printing press
4. Gunpowder
5. A fascination with light (optics and lens grinding)
6. A natural world created by God
a. Neoplatonism
A. The Renaissance
1. Humanists placed low value on science
. More interested in classical antiquity and the authority of the
ancients
2. Arabic translations of Greek classics
3. Rediscovery of Ptolemy and Archimedes
4. The universe as machine
5. Developing collaboration between artisans and intellectuals
6. Building machines for practical use
7. The laws of perspective and optics
8. Alchemy and astrology
9. Voyages of discovery
. Travelers' accounts of foreign lands
a. Attacking the authority of the ancients
III. The Copernican Revolution
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