BIO 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Tracheid, Brown Algae, Non-Vascular Plant

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indigoporpoise354

10 Jun 2015

School

University at Buffalo

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIO 200

Professor

jessicapoulin

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Document Summary

The invasion of land is one of the more complex feats in evolutionary history: drying out, structural support, reproduction. Plant life cycle: multicellular, haploid, 2 physics forms. Gametophyte and the sporophyte. spores and gametes swim. Rhodophyta are a group from the plant phylogency which have multiple pigments and vary in size. Chloroplasts result from primary endosymbiosis: a single event that gave rise to red and green algae. Brown algae is an example of a secondary endosymbiosis. Land plants all arose through the green algae lineage, so are photosynthetic due to primary endosymbiosis. Chlorophytes: most green algaes, similar cell form to land plants. Stoneworts: sister to land plants, filamentous cell forms, many other homologous traits with land plants (mitosis style, cell structures) They also don"t have tracheid cells. (water or nutriets over long distances) nonvascular plants: liverworts, hornwarts,moses. Bryophyte facts: embryophytic, gametophyte dominant, sporophyte dependent on gametophyte require water for sexual reproduction example: moses.

Related Questions

1. Which of the following definitions of âlifeâ is correct? a) Life is composed of inorganic matter that can reproduce and undergo natural selection b) Life is composed of organized matter that can sexually reproduce and remain constant over time c) Life is composed of organized matter that is capable of undergoing reproduction and natural selection d) Life is composed of autotrophic matter that can self-replicate and remain constant over time

2. Prokaryotes can adapt to rapid changes in environment because: a) they have such short generation times b) they can form endospores c) nothing can limit their population growth d) they are motile e) all of the above

3. Which of the following sets of life forms all possess mitochondria a) Archaea and Bacteria b) Fungi and Archaea c) Animals (Metazoa) and Plants d) Fungi, Animals (Metazoa) and Bacteria e) Animals (Metazoa) and Archaea

4. Which of the following are NOT metazoans (animals) a) arthropods b) invertebrates c) vertebrates d) prokaryotes e) insects

5. Which life cycle phase is dominant in angiosperms? a) gametophyte b) archegonia c) microsporangia d) megasporangia e) sporophyte

6. Which of the following is NOT a trend in the evolutionary specialisation of land plants a) Increasing dominance of sporophyte generation b) Decreasing dependence on water for reproduction c) Development of structural specialisation that allow increased plant size d) Development of non-photosynthetic fungi as an evolutionary offshoot of plants e) Development of various forms of flowers and complex interactions with insects

7. All animals and plants share a number of traits. One of these is a) autotrophy b) a cell wall c) mitochondria d) chloroplasts e) all of the above

8. The multicellular body plans of different animals, plants and fungi a) are the products of convergent evolution b) consist of multiple genotypes c) are always produced asexually d) can be used to classify these multicellular organisms e) are invariable between individuals

9. The carrying capacity of populations will often be determined by: a) access to mates b) parasitism c) competition for resources d) the breeding rate e) predation

10. Keystone species are: a) predators that sit at the top of the food-chain b) the most abundant species in the community and therefore have the strongest effect on community dynamics c) species that have a strong effect on community dynamics relative to their abundance d) typically at the bottom of the food-chain e) more abundant in late succession communities

Question 1

The process by which RNA is synthesized using DNA as a template is â¦

Select one:

a. replication

b. transcription

c. translation

d. inspiration

Question 2

Which of the following occurs during meiosis but not mitosis?

Select one:

a. DNA condenses into chromosomes

b. nuclear envelop disappears

c. homologous chromosomes separate

d. sister chromatids separate

Question 3

Which part of the animal life cycle is haploid?

Select one:

a. gamete

b. zygote

c. sporophyte

d. spore

Question 4

Single celled eukaryotic organisms are â¦

Select one:

a. viruses

b. bacterial

c. archaea

d. protists

Question 5

Which type of cellular division results in the formation of diploid cells from a diploid parent cell?

Select one:

a. mitosis

b. meiosis

c. interphase

d. A and B but not C

e. all of the above

Question 6

A sequence of DNA that codes for a single protein is a â¦

Select one:

a. gene

b. ribosome

c. mRNA

d. none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of animals?

Select one:

a. heterotrophic

b. sexual reproduction

c. embryonic development

d. all of the above

Question 8

All genes have only two possible alleles.

Select one:

True

False

Question 9

The presence of membrane-bound organelles is characteristic of â¦

Select one:

a. prokaryotes

b. viruses

c. bacteria

d. eukaryotes

Question 10

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Select one:

a. fatty acids

b. amino acids

c. nucleic acids

d. all of the above

Question 11

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Select one:

a. Mitosis

b. Interphase

c. Meiosis

d. Replicosis

Question 12

Which of the following characteristic is shared among fungi and animals?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. heterotrophic

c. cell walls

d. absorb nutrients

Question 13

A error in DNA replication that goes unrepaired is a â¦

Select one:

a. chromosome

b. chromatid

c. mutation

d. none of the above

Question 14

Alternate forms of a gene are called ________.

Select one:

a. chromatids

b. chromosomes

c. ribosomal subunits

d. alleles

Question 15

The physical expression of a genotype is the phenotype.

Select one:

True

False

Question 16

In complete dominance, a heterozygous genotype results in â¦

Select one:

a. a recessive phenotype

b. a dominant phenotype

c. a third and unique phenotype

d. none of the above

Question 17

Which theory explains the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Select one:

a. phagocytosis

b. endosymbiosis

c. pinocytosis

d. none of the above

Question 18

Which scientist experimented with plants to describe patterns of inheritance?

Select one:

a. Mendel

b. Chase

c. Einstein

d. Watson

Question 19

Which cellular organelle contains aerobic cellular respiration?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. mitochondria

c. nucleus

d. lysosome

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?

Select one:

a. Haploid gametes are formed by meiosis

b. Mitosis forms genetically identical daughter cells

c. Mitosis results in the formation of four daughter cells from a single parent cell

d. Mitosis forms diploid daughter cells from a diploid parent cell

Question 21

The first forms of life on Earth were ________.

Select one:

a. plants

b. microorganisms

c. birds

d. dinosaurs

Question 22

Which of the following is used to separate chromosomes during nuclear division?

Select one:

a. cytoskeleton

b. microtubules

c. actin and myosin

d. amoeboid movement

e. all of the above

Question 23

Which generation is most dominant in more primitive plants?

Select one:

a. bryophyte

b. sporophyte

c. gametophyte

d. androphyte

Question 24

Which of the following is characteristic of plants?

Select one:

a. autotrophic

b. contain chloroplasts

c. multicellular

d. all of the above

Question 25

During which phase of mitosis do chromosome line up along the middle of the cell?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 26

During which phase of mitosis does DNA condense into distinct chromosomes?

Select one:

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

Question 27

The process by which DNA is used as a template to make new DNA is â¦

Select one:

a. translation

b. replication

c. transcription

d. allocation

Question 28

Which of the following is characteristic of plant but not animal cells?

Select one:

a. chloroplasts

b. water vacuole

c. cell wall

d. all of the above

Question 29

Which meiotic division is most like mitosis?

Select one:

a. Meiosis I

b. Meiosis II

c. Meiosis III

d. Meiosis IV

Question 30

Which enzyme catalyzes replication?

Select one:

a. DNA polymerase

b. RNA polymerase

c. Ribosome

d. all of the above

BIO 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Tracheid, Brown Algae, Non-Vascular Plant

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