BIO 200LLB Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Lycopodiopsida, Vascular Plant, Flowering Plant

• School: University at Buffalo
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIO 200LLB
• Professor: Herreid, C F

Document Summary

About 450 million years ago was the 1st tracheophytes. 300 million years ago there was 500 species- club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and gymnosperms. 150 million years ago there was 3,000 species mostly gymnosperms. 90 million years ago there was 22,500 species mostly angiosperms. Today there are 300,000 species mostly angiosperms. Airborne pollen and swimming sperm (few gymnosperms) Most major morphological innovations: stomata, vascular tissue, roots, leaves. Lycophytes and horsetails abundant; extensive coal-forming swamps. Both wet and dry environments blanketed with green plants for the first time. Increased areas for sporangia (as opposed to only one sporangium per sporophyte in the bryophytes) But first animals on land were arthropods. First insect fossils about 470 million years ago at the same time as the first tracheophytes colonized by land. First flying insects about 325 million years ago. Major diversification of insects (bees, flies, butterflies, and moths) about 150 million years ago occurred along with the radiation of flowering plants.