BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Blood Plasma, Osmotic Concentration, Homeostasis

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coralwhale510

8 Dec 2017

School

University at Buffalo

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIO 203

Professor

Christopher Loretz

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Document Summary

Osmosis- diffusion of water down osmotic gradient across a semipermeable membrane. Diffusion is independent movement of individual molecules by random thermal motion down a concentration or energy gradient. Net diffusive movement from solute to one side. Osmotic pressure- difference in energy of water due to dissolved solutes. Increasing solute concentration decreases energy of water (concentration) C=concentration of total solutes: unites for c: moles of solute/total moles. Non-dissol(cid:448)ed solids >rtc mmhg: non-metric;often medical atm: non-metric bar: metric (cgs) units, atm. Osmosis: diffusion of water down osmotic gradient across a semipermeable membrane. Water moves from low to high . Because high (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s lo(cid:449) (cid:449)ater co(cid:374)ce(cid:374)tratio(cid:374: water (cid:373)o(cid:448)es fro(cid:373) high (cid:449)ater co(cid:374)ce(cid:374)tratio(cid:374) (cid:894)lo(cid:449) (cid:895) to lo(cid:449) (cid:449)ater co(cid:374)ce(cid:374)tratio(cid:374) (cid:894)high (cid:895) Simple metazoans (hydra, sponge, ciliates: sponges body exposed to outside environment. Do not have blood: cell bathed directly by external medium. Water moves into cell: constant tendency to swell: solutions: pump out water as it comes in: contractile vacuole.

Related Questions

A hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

A hypotonic solution has a higher level of solutes so the water moves out of the cells to the surroundings

The salt and water solution in the potato is a hypotonic solution

Osmosis is the movement of large molecules across a membrane which require embedded proteins

The plain water in this experiment is the solvent and the salt is the solute.

Passive transport requires no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration

Active transport required no energy and the molecules move with the concentration gradient or from high concentration to low concentration.

The water on the inside of the potato with the salt molecules is an isotonic solution the same as the solution on the outside of the potato.

Water will not move by simple diffusion (osmosis) into or out of cells it requires energy or protein transporters

The solution of salt water in the potato has a lower concentration of water molecules so the water on the outside should move into the cells

True or False: The solution of salt water inside of the hollowpotato has a lower concentration of water molecules so the water onthe outside of the potato should move into the potato cells. Or thewater molecules inside of the grape or pea will move to the outsidewhere there are fewer water molecules and more salt.

True or False: The water on the inside of the potato with thesalt molecules is an isotonic solution the same as the solution onthe outside of the potato.

True or False: Water will not move by simple diffusion (osmosis)into or out of cells it requires energy or proteintransporters.

T or F The salt and water solution inside of the hollow potatois a hypotonic solution.

T or F: Osmosis is the movement of large molecules across a semipermeable membrane which require embedded proteins.

T or F The plain water in this experiment is the solvent and thesalt is the solute.

T or F Active transport requires no energy and the moleculesmove with the concentration gradient from low concentration to ahigh concentration.

T/F Passive transport requires no energy and the molecules movewith the concentration gradient or from high concentration to lowconcentration

T/F A hypotonic solution has a higher level of solutes so thewater moves out of the cells to the surroundings.

T/F A hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes so thewater moves out of the cells to the surroundings.

Why does a slug die when you put salt on her/him? (Think aboutwhat happened in this lab) :

A. The salt on the outside of the slug causes the water frominside of the cells to move out of the cells. The dehydration ofthe slug causes death

B. The slug does not die but becomes enlarged from the movementof water into the slug cells caused by a hypertonic solution

C. The salt and moisture on the outside of the slug cause anisotonic state and the water leaves the slug quickly byosmosis.

D. Sigh. The poor slug, sacrificed for science by many youngnature lovers around the world. Obviously this happens as theoutside solution is hypotonic and the inside of the slug's cellsare hypertonic. Energy is used for active transport leading toosmosis.

lemonbeetle571

I have this questions for my homework i need help with them look please it is important i need help so please give me the correct answers for each question and also please be clear to understand and aslo be correct it is very important becuase i need them so i really need the right answers. please help me and on Questions 6 and 9 please help me with it hope you can help me with the correct answers please

Question 5

At a constant temperature, if you increase the number of unsaturated fatty acid chains in the phospholipid, the membrane will become......

less fluid

more fluid

fluidity will be unchanged

Question 6

Bacteria in a hot spring at 80 degrees celsius would be expected to have ______________ in their cell membrane

high proportions of saturated phospholipids

high proportions of unsaturated phospholipids

an equal ratio of saturated to unsaturated phospholipid

Question 7

Membrane proteins have an important role in membrane fluidity

True

False

Question 8

The HIV virus can't attach to cells that have a mutation in the CCR5 gene and so such individuals are resistant to HIV. What population of people have a higher incidence of the mutant CCR5 gene and why?

europeans because their ancestors survived the bubonic plague

North Americans because their ancestors survived small pox

europeans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Africans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Question 9

Nematode trapping fungi have ______________ molecules called ______________ that recognize specific carbohydrates on the surface of the nematode worms. This is how a fungus can recognize that its prey, the nematode worm, has wriggled into the loop. Write two words on lowercase separated by a space with no other syntax

Question 10

Diffusion requires energy

True

False

Question 11

The net direction of molecule movement when molecules diffuse is

down their concentration gradient

random directions

Question 12

In osmosis, water molecules from a solution of higher solute concentration cross a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

True

False

Question 13

Which best defines osmosis?

In osmosis, water from a solution of lower solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of higher solute concentration?

In osmosis, water from a solution of higher solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

Question 14

Animal cells placed into a hypotonic solution would most likely?

lyse (burst)

shrink

remain unchanged in size

Question 15