PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Mnemonic, Interference Theory, Eidetic Memory
Lecture 12: Memory!
I." The memory system!
""""""" A." encoding, storing, and retrieving!
""""""" B." Three stages of memory!
""""""""""""""" 1." sensory memory!
""""""""""""""""""""""" a." icons and echos!
""""""""""""""""""""""" b." very brief (few seconds or less)!
""""""""""""""""""""""" c." selective attention determines whether information!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""" goes into short-term memory!
""""""""""""""" 2." short-term memory (STM)!
""""""""""""""""""""""" a." temporary storehouse for small amounts!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""" of information!
""""""""""""""""""""""" b." often stored by sound"!
""""""""""""""""""""""" c." very sensitive to interruption!
""""""""""""""""""""""" d." the magic number is seven (plus or minus two)"!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1." chunking!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 2." rehearsal!
""""""""""""""" 3." long-term memory (LTM)!
""""""""""""""""""""""" a." storehouse for important or meaningful information!
""""""""""""""""""""""" b." nearly limitless storage capacity!
""""""""""""""""""""""" c." stored on the basis of meaning and importance!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""" (i.e., file cabinet)!
""""""""""""""""""""""" d." constructive processing and pseudo-memories!
""""""""""""""""""""""" e." types of long-term memory!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 1." procedural memory!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 2." declarative memory!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" a." semantic memory!
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" b." episodic memory!
II." Measuring memory!
""""""" A." recall vs. recognition!
""""""" B." relearning!
""""""" C." implicit memory!
""""""" D." exceptional memory (e.g., eidetic memory or photographic memory)!
IV." Forgetting!
""""""" A." Herman Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve!
""""""" B." Why do we forget?!
""""""""""""""" 1." encoding failure!
""""""""""""""" 2." retrieval failure (e.g., the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon)!
""""""""""""""" 3." state-dependent learning!
""""""""""""""" 4." proactive and retroactive interference!
""""""""""""""" 5." repression!
V." Improving Memory!
""""""" A." rehearse, rehearse, and rehearse some more!
""""""" B." use effective organization (e.g., chunking)!
""""""" C." know about the serial position effect!
""""""" D." use cues!
""""""" E." overlearn!
""""""" F." have spaced practice to improve attention and!
""""""""""" minimize effects of interference!
""""""" G." sleep!
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