UGC 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Clove, Bourgeoisie, Involuntary Servitude
10 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Revolutions in the caribbean and iberian america: revolutionary enthusiasm spread to spanish and portuguese america but unlike the u. s. , political upheaval began first from subordinated people of color. Iberian elites limited local power by interpreting liberty as only for landed classes: brazil and constitutional monarchy. In 1822, pedro braganza declared himself head of an independent brazil with a constitutional monarchy. By the 1840s, brazil had achieved political stability unmatched, with a transition from colony to nation unique in latin america without revolution. Unlike brazil, mexico and other spanish colonies gained autonomy from the spanish crown during the napoleonic wars: when the bourbon crown regained power, creoles (american-born spaniards) resented the reappointment to power of peninsular (colonial officials born in. Spain) and wished regain this elite position: creoles used enlightenment ideas to back up their grievances. When the spanish crown was unable to prevent anarchy, the local army joined the creoles in proclaiming mexico"s independence in 1831.
