BSCI 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Pacemaker Potential, T Wave, Action Potential

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Skeletal muscle squeezes blood in veins towards heart. Capillary walls are one cell thick to allow for exchange between blood and tissues. Three layers: tunica intima: endothelium, tunica media, smooth muscle, controlled by sympathetic nervous system, radius can change, may be used to control blood flow to individual capillary beds, regulates map, tunica externa: fibrous connective tissue. Rapid transport pathway, large diameter= low resistance. Walls elastic and fibrous, very high blood pressure. Aorta leaves left ventricle, pulmonary arteries leave right ventricle. Site of exchange between blood and tissue. Oxygen/nutrients leave the blood, co2 and waste leaves cell. 10-40 billion/body, total surface area= 600 m2. Most cells within 1 mm of a capillary. Pores between endothelial cells, protein free plasma moves through pores. Some capillaries have gaps (intercellular clefts), plasma membranes not joined by tight junctions. Blood pressure forces fluid and solutes out of capillaries. Blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure at arterial end of capillary.

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