BSCI 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Spindle Apparatus, Sister Chromatids, Chromatid

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orangereindeer556

13 Aug 2016

School

University of Maryland

Department

Biological Sciences Program

Course

BSCI 105

Professor

Dr.Keller

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Document Summary

The cell as the fundamental unit of life. Cell division: growth and regulation of the cell cycle. Production of new cells from existing cells. One cell grows and divides into two daughter cells. Binary fission: cell wall/membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, nucleoid body. Chromosomal replicatio: linked to cell division, anchors to membrane. Cell division: cytokinesis division of cytoplasm, mitosis division of chromosomes. Physical division of cell membrane and contents. Cell division results in two genetically identical daughter cells. Equal cell division daughter cells of same type. Unequal cell division daughter cells of different types. Mitosis is part of the cell cycle. G2 2 sister chromatids: prophase. Chromosomes align at metaphase plate: anaphase. Cell membranes partition cytoplasm: interphase again (repeat) Spindle apparatus: provides scaffold, generates force, chromatid separation, centrosomes or mtocs, asters, spindle fibers, kineticores. Phases of the cell cycle: g1, s (dna synthesis, g2, m (mitosis) Cytoplasmic determinants: factors regulating cell cycle. Checkpoints: cell cycle stopping points, cytoplasmic determinants.

Related Questions

1- Most of a cell's life is spend in this phase of the cell cycle:

--------------------

2- The cell cycle is a highly regulated process.

True

False

3- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

4- In animal cells, ________________________ is the indentation of the cell's surface that marks cytokinesis, the final splitting of the membrane, in the process of cell division.

cleavage furrow

binary fission

cell plate

sister chromatids

5- Somatic ("body") cells are _______________ (2n). This means there are two copies of each chromosome.

6- During the _______ phase(s) cells perform their everyday functions.

7- When chromosomes are duplicated the two strands are called _______________________________ and they are linked together at a point called the ____________________.

sister strands; kinetochore

sister chromatids; centromere

dual chromatids; centromere

genes; chromatid

8- New somatic âbodyâ cells are formed by this process:

meiosis

binary fission

replication

mitosis

9- The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

10- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

pucecat917

Question 3 (5 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 3 options:

	telophase II
	meiosis II
	telophase I
	anaphase I
	anaphase II

1.	Division, beginning without DNA replication, that resembles and produces four haploid cell.s
2.	Phase of meiosis when chiasmata are broken as spindle fibers shorten and homologous pairs are pulled apart.
3.	Phase of meiosis when sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cells.
4.	Phase of meiosis in which homologues cluster at the poles of the cells and the nuclear envelope reforms.
5.	Phase of meiosis in which four different haploid cells are present.

Question 4 (7 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 4 options:

	G0
	telophase
	G2
	mitosis
	cytokinesis
	cell cycle
	S

1.	The phase in which the cell synthesizes a replica of its genome
2.	The overall process of genome duplication
3.	The phase in the cell cycle during which mitochondria and other organelles replicate.
4.	The phase in mitosis when chromosomes are clustered at opposite poles and the spindle apparatus disappears
5.	A resting state that cells often enter before resuming cell division.
6.	The phase in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides creating two daughter cells.
7.	The phase in the cell cycle in which the spindle apparatus assembles and sister chromatids move apart.

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Question 5 (6 points)

Put the events of a MAP kinase cascade in the correct order.

Question 5 options:

	MAPKKK phosphorylates and activates another kinase
	MAPKK phosphorylates and activates MAPK
	Binding of MAPKKK to Ras
	External signal binds to membrane receptor and activates receptor kinase.
	MAPK phosphorylates an inactive response protein and activates it.
	Phosphorylation of receptor kinase and interaction with RAS

BSCI 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Spindle Apparatus, Sister Chromatids, Chromatid

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