KNES 293 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Sex Verification In Sports, Scientific Management, Eugenics
7 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Positivism: through formal measurement and conceptualizing the social world as a system of variables, positivism traces facts or causes of certain phenomena, a truth that can be objectively obtained through the rigorous testing of hypotheses. Anti-positivist paradigms: covering several different paradigms, those coming from anti-positivist position consider knowledge to be fundamentally subjective and reality to be socially constructed, rather than seeking truth, interpretative paradigm seek to develop an understanding of social world. A socially constructed world: the categories through which social science describes society are social constructions, however, they have material consequences in people"s lives through producing and reproducing power differentials, enabling economic exploitation, and excluding people from space. Part 2: sex testing & the natural athlete. Gender & sex: gender (masculinity and femininity) is a social construction that defines the cultural expectation associated with the biological sex, sex (male and female) is a biological categorization.
