BMB 401 Lecture 5: Test 2 Lecture 5
29 Nov 2016
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8: enzymes are usually proteins but some rnas can be enzymes (ribozymes) and they are involved in translation, enzymes are very specific to substrates, some require cofactors, enzymes vs chemical catalysts. Enzymes have high reaction rates, much more than chemical ones. Enzymes work under mild conditions like mild temps, close to neutral ph (most of them) and around 1 atm of pressure. Enzymes are tightly regulated in various ways. Modulator means can be activators or inhibitors: enzymes divided into 6 classes: Eg is vhr phosphatase which dephosphorylates a kinase. Eg is enolase which dehydrates something in glycolysis. Ligase: bond formation to make larger molecules. Eg dna ligase in joining single dna strands. Typically 10 ^ 6 10 ^12 times faster than non-catalyzed reactions: geometric specificity = shape and aa groups lining surfaces of enzyme and substrate. Think of lock and key: active site is complementary to shape of substrate, functional groups electronically complementary to those on substrate surface.
