CHM 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Equals Sign, Gas Constant, Ideal Gas Law

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CHM 111 Full Course Notes

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Gas laws: boyle, charles, and avogadro (cid:403) a sample of gas has four basic physical properties: its pressure (p), volume (v), temperature (t), and amount in moles (n). These properties are interrelated, when you change one, it affects the others. The simple gas laws describe the relationships between pairs of these properties. Boyle"s law: volume and pressure: in the early 1600"s, the pioneering english scientist robert boyle and his assistant robert hooke used a j-tube manometer to measure the volume of a gas at different pressures. They trapped a sample of air in the tube and added mercury to increase the pressure on the gas and found an inverse relationship between volume and pressure, an increase in one results in a decrease in the other. This relationship is now known as boyle"s law. (cid:402) boyles law: volume (v) 1 (assuming constant t and n)

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Discussion Questions

1. At constant temperature, if n represents the moles of gas present, what would be the
expected relationship between pressure (P) and the number of moles of gas (n). (Hint:
Assume that Avogadroâs hypothesis that âequal volumes of gases, at the same temperatureand pressure, contain equal numbers of moleculesâ is true.) (3 pts.)

2. Based on the relationship between P, T, n and V, state a combined gas law connecting allthe four variables using a new proportionality constant, K. Justify your answer. (5 pts.)
3. From your plot of pressure vs. temperature, why is the unit of temperature in the gasequation reported in Kelvin? What would happen if degrees Celsius were used? (5 pts.)4. Identify the three gas laws covered in this experiment. Describe the relationship observedin each law. Then, describe the relationship observed in the experiment. Do your findingssupport the gas laws? If not, explain why. (7 pts.)HINT: review the gas laws table completed in the pre-lab activity.5. In Part III, as you placed the apparatus in the warm water bath, you should have noticedthe volume of air in the syringe increased. Explain what has happened to the gas. What

variable should have remained constant? (5 pts.)

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CHM 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Equals Sign, Gas Constant, Ideal Gas Law

CHM 111 Full Course Notes

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