CHEM 1040L Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Silver Nitrate, Ion, Lithium Hydroxide
Experiment Four
Introduction
The objective of experiment four was to use solubility rules and basic chemical tests to
determine the identity of ions in a series of unknown solutions. The aim was to determine the
names of these unknown ions present in a series of unknown solutions through the use of
litmus tests, flame test colors, and the results of the mixing of the unknown solutions. This was
achieved by gathering around 10 mL of each unknown solution and testing a drop of each on
red and blue litmus papers. Using a wire on a glass stirring rod, the wire was dipped into each
solution and placed into the flame to identify flame color. The results of both tests were
recorded. Also, a chart of the results of mixing the solutions was filed out to identify which
mixture formed a precipitate or not. The concepts that relate to lecture include solubility rules,
prediction of which ions form a precipitate, and acid and base rules. The concepts that relate to
lab include litmus test and reading, flame test and reading, and the mixing of ions through the
use of small test tubes and a disposable pipet.
Experimental Procedure
The experimental procedure was downloaded and printed off of Chem21labs.com, titled
"Experiment Four: The N-Bottle Problem". It came from pages 4-2 through 4-3. The procedures
were followed exactly as they were stated in the handout.
Net Ionic Equations
1. 1 Ag+ (aq) + 1 Cl- (aq) → 1 AgCl (s)
2. 1 Ag+ (aq) +1 OH- (aq) → 1 AgOH (s)
3. 2 Ag+ (aq) + 1 CP3 2- (aq) → 1 Ag2CO3 (s)
4. 1 Ba 2+ (aq) + 1 SO4 2- (aq) → 1 BaSO4 (s)
5. 1 Ba 2+ (aq) + 1 CO3 2- (aq) → 1 BaCO3 (s)
6. 1 Ba 2+ (aq) +2 OH- (aq) → 1 Ba (OH)2 (s)
7. 1 Sr 2+ (aq) +1 SO4 2- (aq) → 1 SrSO4 (s)
8. 1 Sr 2+ (aq) + 1 CO3 21 (aq) → 1 SrCO3 (s)
9. 1 Sr 2+ (aq) + 2 OH- (aq) → 1 Sr(OH)2 (s)
10. 1 Co 2+ (aq) +2 OH- (aq)→ 1 Co(OH)2 (s)
11. 1 Co 2+ (aq) + 1 CO3 2- (aq) → 1 CoCO3 (s)
12. 2 H3O+ (aq) +1 CO3 2- (aq) →1 CO2 (g) +3 H2O (l)
13. 1 H3O+ (aq) + 1 OH- (aq0 → 2 H2O (l)
Unknown Number
Discussion
Solution Compound
A CoSO4
B Sr(NO3)2
C BaCl2
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Document Summary
The objective of experiment four was to use solubility rules and basic chemical tests to determine the identity of ions in a series of unknown solutions. The aim was to determine the names of these unknown ions present in a series of unknown solutions through the use of litmus tests, flame test colors, and the results of the mixing of the unknown solutions. This was achieved by gathering around 10 ml of each unknown solution and testing a drop of each on red and blue litmus papers. Using a wire on a glass stirring rod, the wire was dipped into each solution and placed into the flame to identify flame color. Also, a chart of the results of mixing the solutions was filed out to identify which mixture formed a precipitate or not. The concepts that relate to lecture include solubility rules, prediction of which ions form a precipitate, and acid and base rules.
