AVS 145 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Propionate, Passive Immunity, Phospholipid

• School: University of Maine
• Department: Animal and Veterinary Science
• Course: AVS 145
• Professor: Juan Romero

Document Summary

Milk is produced in the lobes of the mammary. Exocrine glands (e. g. dairy cattle: four separate glands. Similar to sweat glands but much, much, larger. Divided into left and right sides by a ligament (median suspensory ligament) Hormones involved in the development of the mammary gland: Occur as the female reaches puberty. (insert image) Each alveoulus has its own separate blood supply from which precursors of milk are obtained by epithelial cells. Prolactin & glucocorticoids hormone lactogenisis (cell differentiation), and milk protein gene expression. Above mentioned hormones become effective as partuition nears and when: estrogen levels decrease, progesterone levels decrease. Cytological and enzymatic differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells: increased synthesis of lactation enzymes (e. g. fatty acid synthesize, increased uptake of precursors for milk synthesis (glucose, immunoglobulin uptake, formation of colostrum. Begins about 0-4 days before parturition and extends through a few days postpartum. The cells transform the precursors into lactose, fat, and protein.