NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Fluid Compartments, Extracellular Fluid, Fluid Balance
5 Feb 2020
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Intracellular fluid (icf: fluid within cells. Extracellular fluid (ecf: fluid outside cells, intravascular: within the blood vessels, interstitial: surrounding the cells. Makes up the majority of ecf: transcellular: contained within specialized cavities. Water is the main component in body tissues. Total body water (tbw) ranges from 45% in adolescents to 75% in newborns. Body water is the medium in which body solutes are dissolved & all metabolic processes take place: even small alterations can affect these processes, children get dehydrated much more quickly than adults. Fluid intake requirements necessary to maintain fluid balance. Need to know this for all quizzes/tests. 2: increases fluid requirements to 7 ml/kg/day for each 1 f over 99 f. Diabetes ketoacidosis: first tx is fluid bolus. 2 ml/kg/hr for infants: 0-1 years old. How do we measure urine output in an infant: weigh the diaper, how many wet diapers. 8 in 24 hrs for younger infant is normal.
