NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Xiphoid Process, Intercostal Space, Stroke Volume
26 Feb 2020
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Document Summary
Primary function of the heart: transport oxygen to meet the body"s metabolic needs. In the young child, heart rate is usually higher & stroke volume lower than in adults. Sinus arrhythmias are normal findings in infants. Chest wall is thinner in children than in adults with little musculature. Tip of the xiphoid process may protrude slightly. Neonate"s thorax is barrel-shaped & the infant"s rounded: by age 6, the anterior/posterior to transfers thorax measurement ratio assumes mature proportions. Point of maximum impulse (pmi) is located at the 4th intercostal space in the child younger than 4 years old. Apical impulse may be invisible in children. Neonates are unable to increase sv to increase co: so the only way to increase co is to increase hr. Monday, february 17, 2020: kawasaki disease, going to talk about these later in the semester. Congenital: ventricular septal defects (svd, atrial septal defect (asd, patent ductus arteriosus (pda, tetralogy of fallot, coarctation of the aorta.
